AFOQT Practice Test 2026 – Complete Exam Prep

The method of energy transfer that does not require a medium is radiation. Radiation involves the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as light, heat, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. This process can occur in a vacuum, meaning that energy can be transmitted through empty space without the need for any material substance or medium, such as air or water.

For example, the warmth you feel from the sun is due to radiation traveling through the vacuum of space and reaching Earth. Unlike conduction, which requires contact between materials, and convection, which requires a fluid medium to transfer heat (like air or water), radiation is unique in its ability to transfer energy over distances without a physical medium.

Understanding radiation is essential, especially in contexts such as thermal energy transfer, where it plays a crucial role in various natural and artificial processes.